Importing Your Car to Switzerland Duty-Free: Form 18.44 & MFK Step-by-Step
Quick summary
- Form 18.44 = Zolldeklaration Übersiedlungsgut. Declares your car as personal effects of a move. Duty and VAT waived.
- Eligibility: you owned and used the car abroad for at least 6 months before the move and are relocating your main residence to Switzerland.
- Form 13.20 A = customs-issued technical/tax document. Required for cantonal registration.
- MFK = mandatory technical inspection at your cantonal road-traffic office.
- You have 1 year from Anmeldung to complete registration and get Swiss plates.
- You must keep the car for personal use for 1 year after import or duty-free status is retroactively lost.
Step 1 — Confirm you qualify for duty-free import
Übersiedlungsgut (relocation goods) is a Swiss customs regime that lets you bring in cars, motorcycles, boats and household items without VAT or duty. The conditions are strict but achievable:
- You are transferring your primary residence to Switzerland (registered with an Anmeldung and a B/C/G/L permit or citizenship).
- The car has been owned and used by you personally for at least 6 months before the move.
- You keep it for personal use only for at least 1 year after entry.
- The car is imported within a reasonable window of the move (in practice: within 12 months of your Swiss registration).
If you buy a new car abroad three weeks before moving, it does not qualify. If you inherited it, or leased it (leased cars are usually excluded — check the lessor's authorisation), it may not qualify. When in doubt, ask a customs broker; a 30-minute consultation saves thousands.
Step 2 — Prepare the documents (before you cross)
- Original foreign vehicle registration (both parts if applicable, e.g. Zulassungsbescheinigung I & II for Germany).
- Proof of purchase / ownership — invoice, sales contract, or previous registration in your name.
- Passport or ID + Swiss permit (or Anmeldebestätigung if just registered).
- Old address deregistration certificate and Swiss Anmeldung — proof the move is real.
- Insurance green card valid for Switzerland (short-term transit coverage until you switch to Swiss insurance).
- Form 18.44 printed and pre-filled — download from the Federal Office for Customs and Border Security (BAZG / EZV).
- Form 13.20 A blank — will be stamped by customs.
- Technical data / EU Certificate of Conformity (CoC) — mandatory for EU cars; hugely helps the MFK.
Bring two paper copies of every document. Swiss customs is polite, precise and paper-driven. If the officer wants a photocopy, the office is closed and there's no printer in sight, you'll be sent back.
Step 3 — Cross the border and clear customs
Drive to a manned Swiss customs post during opening hours (not all border crossings clear commercial or Übersiedlungsgut paperwork — check in advance; major ones like Basel, Kreuzlingen, Chiasso, Geneva always do).
- Declare orally at the red channel or the office.
- Hand over Form 18.44, proof of move, ownership, ID, insurance.
- Customs stamps the 18.44 and issues Form 13.20 A with the vehicle's technical data — this is the document the cantonal registration office will demand later.
- Small handling fee (~CHF 20) paid on the spot.
- You now have 30 days of foreign-plate driving to reach the MFK inspection and finalise registration.
Step 4 — MFK inspection at the cantonal Strassenverkehrsamt
You cannot get Swiss plates without an MFK certificate. Book the appointment as soon as you have your Anmeldung — waiting times can be 4–8 weeks in Zurich, Zug and Geneva.
What they check:
- Brakes, steering, suspension, tyres, chassis rust.
- Lights: headlights must be adjusted for right-hand traffic (RHD imports need reflectors/mirrors and often a headlight change).
- Emissions and OBD readiness — must meet Euro 5 minimum for practical MFK acceptance; Euro 6 preferred.
- Speedometer in km/h.
- Warning triangle and safety vest onboard.
- VIN match between chassis and papers.
Typical adjustments before the test:
- Winter tyres or all-seasons appropriate for the season (M+S / snowflake).
- Replace worn brake pads and rust-check the underside.
- UK / Japan / US imports: headlight assembly change, front fog lamps, rear fog light — non-trivial cost.
- Cars > 10 years old: expect a stricter test; older diesels sometimes struggle with emissions.
If the car fails, you fix and re-present within a set window (typically 30 days). Fees around CHF 80–200 for the first inspection; retests are cheaper.
Step 5 — Register the car and get Swiss plates
Once you have the MFK green stamp, book a follow-up (or the same appointment in some cantons) at the Strassenverkehrsamt to register the vehicle.
- Bring Form 13.20 A (customs), the stamped MFK report, your foreign registration, ID/permit, and proof of Swiss motor insurance (Versicherungsnachweis — you request it from your Swiss insurer digitally).
- Choose plate style: standard, personalised (extra CHF 500–3,000 depending on rarity), or transferable from a family member.
- Pay the annual motor vehicle tax — set by canton, based on cylinder capacity, weight or CO₂. Zurich ~CHF 300–700 for a family car; Uri or Obwalden significantly less.
- Get plates issued the same day (usually) and a Swiss Fahrzeugausweis (registration card).
You're now a Swiss driver. Update your foreign licence to a Swiss one within 12 months if you plan to stay: see the Swiss driving licence exchange guide.
Insurance — the piece you must have before plates
Swiss law requires third-party liability (Haftpflicht) for every registered vehicle. The insurer sends the electronic Versicherungsnachweis directly to the Strassenverkehrsamt; without it, no plates.
| Cover | What it does | Typical annual premium |
|---|---|---|
| Haftpflicht (mandatory) | Third-party damage to people/property | CHF 400–700 for a mid-range car |
| Teilkasko (partial hull) | Fire, theft, glass, hail, wildlife collision | +CHF 300–500 |
| Vollkasko (full hull) | Own-fault collision + Teilkasko cover | +CHF 800–1,500 (typically ends after year 6–8 of car age) |
| Insassen (driver/passenger accident) | Medical + income top-up beyond mandatory accident cover | +CHF 80–120 |
Premiums vary wildly by canton, driver age and no-claim record. Use two brokers, not one — comparateurs like Comparis are a starting point, not the final answer. And don't confuse motor insurance with health insurance; they're separate systems.
Special cases
- UK / RHD imports: allowed, but headlight and mirror adjustments are almost always required. Budget CHF 500–1,500 for MFK-readiness.
- US / Canadian cars: harder — many models fail EU/CH emissions or safety standards without an individual approval (Einzelabnahme). Speak to a specialist before shipping.
- Classic / veteran cars (>30 years): eligible for reduced tax under the veteran regime once accepted; MFK is technical but usually smooth.
- Electric vehicles: benefit from lower cantonal motor tax in many cantons and no CO₂ import levy. Type-2 charging plug is standard.
- Leased cars: usually cannot be imported under 18.44 — the lessor holds title. You need written authorisation and sometimes contract restructuring.
- Non-EU origin, no CoC: expect Einzelabnahme, extra emissions test and a bigger MFK bill.
Common mistakes (and their price tag)
- Waiting too long to book MFK — you can be driving illegally after 30 days on foreign plates.
- Selling the car within 12 months — customs claws back full VAT (~7.7%) plus duties and CO₂ tax retroactively.
- Turning up at customs on a Sunday — most border offices with commercial competence are closed. Plan a weekday crossing.
- Forgetting the insurance step — no Versicherungsnachweis, no plates. Sort it before your MFK appointment.
- Undeclared modifications (lowered suspension, non-Swiss ECU tune, LED bulbs in reflectors not designed for them) — instant MFK fail.
- Not swapping the driving licence in 12 months — you'll then need a full Swiss test, not an exchange.
Your action checklist
- Own the car ≥ 6 months and plan the move — you're eligible.
- Gather papers: foreign registration, ownership proof, CoC, insurance green card.
- Cross at a competent border post; get 18.44 stamped and 13.20 A issued.
- Anmeldung in your Swiss commune — done in parallel or first.
- Book MFK inspection at your cantonal Strassenverkehrsamt.
- Line up Swiss motor insurance (Haftpflicht + optional Kasko).
- Pass MFK, present 13.20 A + Versicherungsnachweis, collect plates.
- Keep the car for personal use for at least 12 months — sell later.
- Swap your foreign driving licence within 12 months of Anmeldung.
Frequently asked questions
How long do I have to import my car after moving?
Can I sell the car after importing duty-free?
Do I need form 13.20 A even for a used car?
What is the MFK exactly?
How much does the whole process cost?
Your next step
Turn this guide into action — run the numbers for your own situation, then work through the deadlines for your canton.
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